This Small Thing Called Tribalism

Posted by hushcolor on Mar 1st, 2010 and filed under Africa. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0. You can leave a response or trackback to this entry

There are many things I love about living in Kenya, but most of all I think I love the cultural diversity of its citizens. I stayed late at work yesterday, finishing up bits and pieces of what I had to present today in the office. Since it was getting late at night, I decided to walk across an open market so that I could get home in time.

As I did so, I was enticed into buying fried fish for supper from a lady who was sitting by the road side. I was so surprised when she spoke to me in my mother tongue. I use “mother tongue” to indicate the language of my ethnic group here. I don’t know if I seem to have my tribe inscribed on my forehead these days. I should hope not.

Tribalism, Age, and Poverty in Kenya

Kenya's violence is not just about ethnicity. Age and poverty are factors too.

I try as much as I can to conceal it. Not because I hate it. In fact, I am very proud of my tribal origins. But in this country, where ethnic clashes took away scores of lives during the last general election, I would rather be a just another countryman. I prefer to speak and communicate in Swahili, the national language, or English, rather than my mother tongue. I feel comfortable when people don’t suddenly judge me according to my ethnicity. However, it’s never that easy, especially in cases where I need to produce my identity card or quote my name--because from those alone, one can easily and accurately know my ethnic origin.

In the part of Nairobi where I live, ninety percent of the population come from one ethnic group--let’s call them Tribe2.  I grew up in this part of Nairobi, went to school and played with children from Tribe2. I remember that in primary school, I was the only one from my tribe. I started at the lowest grade, and didn’t know too much of English or the national language, Swahili, by then. According to our Kenyan Education System at that time, children had to learn the national language as a subject in school since their parents would have raised them in their respective mother tongue. This same mother tongue that was also taught on the syllabus for pupils to learn how to read and write it.

Ironically, this was regardless of your ethnic group. Your ‘mother tongue’ was taught according to the region in which you went to school. As a result, I did not learn how to read or write in my mother tongue--the little I know was the much I was raised with before I went to school. I speak Tribe2’s language fluently, can read and write it as well. According to current Kenyan politics, my tribe and Tribe2 should not interact. All this stemming from ethnic based power struggles, and traditions through our parents, which dictate that we should never intermarry. However, our current generation is erasing this tradition, albeit with baby steps.

Yet this woman really amused me. She reminded me of my relatives upcountry, who speak in our mother tongue to each and everyone regardless of what ethnic group they may be from. I still wonder what she saw in me to make her come to the conclusion that we spoke the same language.

You see, Tribe2 are generally light-skinned while my tribe is usually a dark color, having emigrated from Sudan. If you have ever been to Sudan, you will know that these people are extremely dark-skinned.

I am never surprised when the matatu (mini-bus) conductor asks me for my bus fare in his native Tribe2’s language and confirms where I should alight in the same. It amuses me most of the times. They always think that since I am light-skinned, I must come from their tribe. But I just wish as a country, we would embrace each other, regardless of our ethnic composition.

I speak of only two tribes here, but there are roughly forty tribes in Kenya. I wish Swahili was our mother tongue. It makes no sense to me which tribe is superior. For while the world battles with wars and racism, Africa battles with tribalism. It seems so juvenile sometimes.

Related Reading:

Imperial Reckoning: The Untold Story of Britain's Gulag in Kenya
Policy and Politics in Nursing and Health Care
Our Mother Tongue: A Guide to English Grammar (Answer Key)
The Bourne Identity: A Novel
The Mis-Education of the Negro
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About the Author:

  • hushcolor


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    • Lawrence O. Murunga
      The Kenyan Problem may be summarized as having come from a failed leadership, tribalism and corruption. Today, the country appears divided along ethnic lines more than it was at Independence in 1963, and that is almost 50 years ago.

      Kenya's two major tribes, the Kikuyu and Luo initially united at the height of their struggle for Independece in the late 1950's and early 1960's, eventually leading the country to Independence in December 1963, with Jomo Kenyatta as Prime Minister. When Kenya became a Republic one year later, Kenyatta became the President and appointed Jaramogi Oginga Odinga, a Luo, as his Vice President.

      However, political intrigues and tribal alignments forced Jaramogi Odinga to resign as the country's Vice President in 1966, leaving one powerful fellow Luo, Thomas Joseph Mboya, in the Kenyatta Cabinet. Odinga formed his Opposition party, the Kenya People's Union (KPU) and rallied his Luo against the Kenyatta Government.

      But Mboya was assassinated by people believed to be within Kenyatta's inner circle of Government and members of his Kikuyu tribe.


      Following Mboya's murder, people around President Kenyatta, and these were mostly his Kikuku people, began a systematic plunder of the county's resources, including grabbing and dishing out land for themselves and their fellow tribesmen, hence the politics of '' it is our turn to eat'' and the perpetual ethnic competition for State House and the Presidency.
    • hushcolor
      Andria, I totally relate to your comment. I would like to add though, that this same poverty that is linked to corruption is also linked in a major way to tribalism. The reason for the growing hatred is the fact that the major ethnic groups in Kenya are all battling for power. The end result is that, while one ethnic group is in power, their main aim is not for the growth of the country. on the contrary, what they do strive for during the term is how to remain in power. This is where corruption comes in. They embezzle funds that will in turn enable them garner enough votes either by rigging or by paying the voter. This leaves the ordinary citizen in the same place he was in. As a result, there is a wide gap between the rich and the poor. Kenya is still far from eradicating poverty. @Akin, We were colonised by the whites and then we chased them away by coming together. Now that we are no longer under them, we have turned to each other. Our leaders are now using the same tactic the British used to colonise us. Divide and rule.
    • I totally comprehend the article.The whole thing stems from colonialism created by the British.I have travelled a bit in Africa.Been to Kenya about 8 or 9 times and whenever a Kenyan introduces himself to me they tend to come up with "I am so and so and I am Kikuyu.Luo,Akamba etc It was put in place on order to divide and rule...The natives in those days were unruly according to the Colonial masters.By bringing two or three major tribes together under one umbrella there bound to be problems and so the British colonial masters came up with these people were savage and were not capable of ruling themselves .Let us not forget that these tribes have lived for centuries side by side and yes they waged wars but have system in place to resolvethings.When an empire wages war against another empire .Who ever loses has to pay homage to the other King...after awhile if the other refuse to pay the homage then they go to war again.These went on for centuries with dignities and respect for one another until the colonial masters stepped in There are scores of similar countries in Africa with similar catastrophe...NIGERIA, GHANA ZIMBABWE to mention a few.i
    • Someone did a documentary abut Kenya for a Dispatches programme, shown on Channel 4.
      Its message was clear - to Make Poverty History you've got to Make Corruption History.
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